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> Simplified HTTP requests
[](https://travis-ci.org/sindresorhus/got) [](https://coveralls.io/github/sindresorhus/got?branch=master) [](https://npmjs.com/got)
A nicer interface to the built-in [`http`](http://nodejs.org/api/http.html) module.
Created because [`request`](https://github.com/request/request) is bloated *(several megabytes!)*.
## Highlights
- [Promise & stream API](#api)
- [Request cancelation](#aborting-the-request)
- [Follows redirects](#followredirect)
- [Retries on network failure](#retries)
- [Handles gzip/deflate](#decompress)
- [Timeout handling](#timeout)
- [Errors with metadata](#errors)
- [JSON mode](#json)
- [WHATWG URL support](#url)
- [Electron support](#useelectronnet)
## Install
```
$ npm install --save got
```
## Usage
```js
const fs = require('fs');
const got = require('got');
got('todomvc.com')
.then(response => {
console.log(response.body);
//=> '<!doctype html> ...'
})
.catch(error => {
console.log(error.response.body);
//=> 'Internal server error ...'
});
// Streams
got.stream('todomvc.com').pipe(fs.createWriteStream('index.html'));
// For POST, PUT and PATCH methods got.stream returns a WritableStream
fs.createReadStream('index.html').pipe(got.stream.post('todomvc.com'));
```
### API
It's a `GET` request by default, but can be changed in `options`.
#### got(url, [options])
Returns a Promise for a `response` object with a `body` property, a `url` property with the request URL or the final URL after redirects, and a `requestUrl` property with the original request URL.
##### url
Type: `string` `Object`
The URL to request as simple string, a [`http.request` options](https://nodejs.org/api/http.html#http_http_request_options_callback), or a [WHATWG `URL`](https://nodejs.org/api/url.html#url_class_url).
Properties from `options` will override properties in the parsed `url`.
##### options
Type: `Object`
Any of the [`http.request`](http://nodejs.org/api/http.html#http_http_request_options_callback) options.
###### body
Type: `string` `Buffer` `stream.Readable`
*This is mutually exclusive with stream mode.*
Body that will be sent with a `POST` request.
If present in `options` and `options.method` is not set, `options.method` will be set to `POST`.
If `content-length` or `transfer-encoding` is not set in `options.headers` and `body` is a string or buffer, `content-length` will be set to the body length.
###### encoding
Type: `string` `null`<br>
Default: `'utf8'`
[Encoding](https://nodejs.org/api/buffer.html#buffer_buffers_and_character_encodings) to be used on `setEncoding` of the response data. If `null`, the body is returned as a Buffer.
###### form
Type: `boolean`<br>
Default: `false`
*This is mutually exclusive with stream mode.*
If set to `true` and `Content-Type` header is not set, it will be set to `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`.
`body` must be a plain object or array and will be stringified.
###### json
Type: `boolean`<br>
Default: `false`
*This is mutually exclusive with stream mode.*
If set to `true` and `Content-Type` header is not set, it will be set to `application/json`.
Parse response body with `JSON.parse` and set `accept` header to `application/json`. If used in conjunction with the `form` option, the `body` will the stringified as querystring and the response parsed as JSON.
`body` must be a plain object or array and will be stringified.
###### query
Type: `string` `Object`<br>
Query string object that will be added to the request URL. This will override the query string in `url`.
###### timeout
Type: `number` `Object`
Milliseconds to wait for the server to end the response before aborting request with `ETIMEDOUT` error.
This also accepts an object with separate `connect`, `socket`, and `request` fields for connection, socket, and entire request timeouts.
###### retries
Type: `number` `Function`<br>
Default: `2`
Number of request retries when network errors happens. Delays between retries counts with function `1000 * Math.pow(2, retry) + Math.random() * 100`, where `retry` is attempt number (starts from 0).
Option accepts `function` with `retry` and `error` arguments. Function must return delay in milliseconds (`0` return value cancels retry).
**Note:** if `retries` is `number`, `ENOTFOUND` and `ENETUNREACH` error will not be retried (see full list in [`is-retry-allowed`](https://github.com/floatdrop/is-retry-allowed/blob/master/index.js#L12) module).
###### followRedirect
Type: `boolean`<br>
Default: `true`
Defines if redirect responses should be followed automatically.
Note that if a `303` is sent by the server in response to any request type (`POST`, `DELETE`, etc.), got will automatically
request the resource pointed to in the location header via `GET`. This is in accordance with [the spec](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7231#section-6.4.4).
###### decompress
Type: `boolean`<br>
Default: `true`
Decompress the response automatically.
If this is disabled, a compressed response is returned as a `Buffer`. This may be useful if you want to handle decompression yourself or stream the raw compressed data.
###### useElectronNet
Type: `boolean`<br>
Default: `true`
When used in Electron, Got will automatically use [`electron.net`](https://electron.atom.io/docs/api/net/) instead of the Node.js `http` module. It should be fully compatible, but you can turn it off here if you encounter a problem. Please open an issue if you do!
#### Streams
#### got.stream(url, [options])
`stream` method will return Duplex stream with additional events:
##### .on('request', request)
`request` event to get the request object of the request.
**Tip**: You can use `request` event to abort request:
```js
got.stream('github.com')
.on('request', req => setTimeout(() => req.abort(), 50));
```
##### .on('response', response)
`response` event to get the response object of the final request.
##### .on('redirect', response, nextOptions)
`redirect` event to get the response object of a redirect. The second argument is options for the next request to the redirect location.
##### .on('error', error, body, response)
`error` event emitted in case of protocol error (like `ENOTFOUND` etc.) or status error (4xx or 5xx). The second argument is the body of the server response in case of status error. The third argument is response object.
#### got.get(url, [options])
#### got.post(url, [options])
#### got.put(url, [options])
#### got.patch(url, [options])
#### got.head(url, [options])
#### got.delete(url, [options])
Sets `options.method` to the method name and makes a request.
## Errors
Each error contains (if available) `statusCode`, `statusMessage`, `host`, `hostname`, `method`, `path`, `protocol` and `url` properties to make debugging easier.
In Promise mode, the `response` is attached to the error.
#### got.RequestError
When a request fails. Contains a `code` property with error class code, like `ECONNREFUSED`.
#### got.ReadError
When reading from response stream fails.
#### got.ParseError
When `json` option is enabled, server response code is 2xx, and `JSON.parse` fails.
#### got.HTTPError
When server response code is not 2xx. Includes `statusCode`, `statusMessage`, and `redirectUrls` properties.
#### got.MaxRedirectsError
When server redirects you more than 10 times. Includes a `redirectUrls` property, which is an array of the URLs Got was redirected to before giving up.
#### got.UnsupportedProtocolError
When given an unsupported protocol.
## Aborting the request
The promise returned by Got has a `.cancel()` function which, when called, aborts the request.
## Proxies
You can use the [`tunnel`](https://github.com/koichik/node-tunnel) module with the `agent` option to work with proxies:
```js
const got = require('got');
const tunnel = require('tunnel');
got('todomvc.com', {
agent: tunnel.httpOverHttp({
proxy: {
host: 'localhost'
}
})
});
```
## Cookies
You can use the [`cookie`](https://github.com/jshttp/cookie) module to include cookies in a request:
```js
const got = require('got');
const cookie = require('cookie');
got('google.com', {
headers: {
cookie: cookie.serialize('foo', 'bar')
}
});
```
## Form data
You can use the [`form-data`](https://github.com/form-data/form-data) module to create POST request with form data:
```js
const fs = require('fs');
const got = require('got');
const FormData = require('form-data');
const form = new FormData();
form.append('my_file', fs.createReadStream('/foo/bar.jpg'));
got.post('google.com', {
body: form
});
```
## OAuth
You can use the [`oauth-1.0a`](https://github.com/ddo/oauth-1.0a) module to create a signed OAuth request:
```js
const got = require('got');
const crypto = require('crypto');
const OAuth = require('oauth-1.0a');
const oauth = OAuth({
consumer: {
key: process.env.CONSUMER_KEY,
secret: process.env.CONSUMER_SECRET
},
signature_method: 'HMAC-SHA1',
hash_function: (baseString, key) => crypto.createHmac('sha1', key).update(baseString).digest('base64')
});
const token = {
key: process.env.ACCESS_TOKEN,
secret: process.env.ACCESS_TOKEN_SECRET
};
const url = 'https://api.twitter.com/1.1/statuses/home_timeline.json';
got(url, {
headers: oauth.toHeader(oauth.authorize({url, method: 'GET'}, token)),
json: true
});
```
## Unix Domain Sockets
Requests can also be sent via [unix domain sockets](http://serverfault.com/questions/124517/whats-the-difference-between-unix-socket-and-tcp-ip-socket). Use the following URL scheme: `PROTOCOL://unix:SOCKET:PATH`.
- `PROTOCOL` - `http` or `https` *(optional)*
- `SOCKET` - absolute path to a unix domain socket, e.g. `/var/run/docker.sock`
- `PATH` - request path, e.g. `/v2/keys`
```js
got('http://unix:/var/run/docker.sock:/containers/json');
// or without protocol (http by default)
got('unix:/var/run/docker.sock:/containers/json');
```
## AWS
Requests to AWS services need to have their headers signed. This can be accomplished by using the [`aws4`](https://www.npmjs.com/package/aws4) package. This is an example for querying an ["Elasticsearch Service"](https://aws.amazon.com/elasticsearch-service/) host with a signed request.
```js
const url = require('url');
const AWS = require('aws-sdk');
const aws4 = require('aws4');
const got = require('got');
const config = require('./config');
// Reads keys from the environment or `~/.aws/credentials`. Could be a plain object.
const awsConfig = new AWS.Config({ region: config.region });
function request(uri, options) {
const awsOpts = {
region: awsConfig.region,
headers: {
accept: 'application/json',
'content-type': 'application/json'
},
method: 'GET',
json: true
};
// We need to parse the URL before passing it to `got` so `aws4` can sign the request
const opts = Object.assign(url.parse(uri), awsOpts, options);
aws4.sign(opts, awsConfig.credentials);
return got(opts);
}
request(`https://${config.host}/production/users/1`);
request(`https://${config.host}/production/`, {
// All usual `got` options
});
```
## Tips
### User Agent
It's a good idea to set the `'user-agent'` header so the provider can more easily see how their resource is used. By default, it's the URL to this repo.
```js
const got = require('got');
const pkg = require('./package.json');
got('todomvc.com', {
headers: {
'user-agent': `my-module/${pkg.version} (https://github.com/username/my-module)`
}
});
```
### 304 Responses
Bear in mind, if you send an `if-modified-since` header and receive a `304 Not Modified` response, the body will be empty. It's your responsibility to cache and retrieve the body contents.
## Related
- [gh-got](https://github.com/sindresorhus/gh-got) - Convenience wrapper for interacting with the GitHub API
- [travis-got](https://github.com/samverschueren/travis-got) - Convenience wrapper for interacting with the Travis API
## Created by
[](https://sindresorhus.com) | [](https://github.com/floatdrop) | [](https://alextes.me)
---|---|---
[Sindre Sorhus](https://sindresorhus.com) | [Vsevolod Strukchinsky](https://github.com/floatdrop) | [Alexander Tesfamichael](https://alextes.me)
## License
MIT
Mini Shell